What kind of motor is the second-order model suitable for?
In the field of motor control, second-order models are widely used because of their simplicity and practicality. This article will combine the hot topics and content of the entire network in the past 10 days to discuss the motor types and characteristics applicable to the second-order model, and display relevant analysis through structured data.
Introduction to first and second-order models
The second-order model is a simplified mathematical model usually used to describe the response characteristics of dynamic systems. In motor control, the second-order model can better balance computational complexity and accuracy and is suitable for the following scenarios:
| Applicable scenarios | Description |
|---|---|
| Low to medium speed control | Ignore high-order nonlinear effects and simplify the control algorithm |
| Quick response to needs | Optimize dynamic performance through damping ratio and natural frequency |
| Temperature changes are small | Ignore the sensitivity of temperature rise to parameters |
2. Analysis of applicable motor types
Based on recent hot discussion and technical literature, the following motor types are best suited for second-order models:
| Motor type | Applicable reason | Typical applications |
|---|---|---|
| DC brushed motor | The mechanical time constant is significantly larger than the electrical time constant | Robot joints, power tools |
| Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) | The dq axis can be simplified to a second-order system after decoupling | Electric vehicles, industrial servo |
| stepper motor | Torque fluctuations at low speed can be described by second-order oscillations | 3D printer, CNC machine tool |
3. Hot technology trends
Industry discussions in the past 10 days show that second-order models have gained attention in the following emerging areas:
| Hot areas | technological progress | Data support |
|---|---|---|
| Drone motor control | Second-order model + adaptive PID reduces oscillation | A paper showed that response time was reduced by 32% |
| Servo system | Predictive control based on second-order model | The actual positioning accuracy of a company increased by 0.01mm |
| hub motor | Improved second-order model considering tire elasticity | A patent shows that energy consumption is reduced by 7% |
4. Selection suggestions
When selecting a second-order model based on application requirements, please note:
| Considerations | Suggestions |
|---|---|
| Speed range | ＞2000rpm It is recommended to add high-level compensation |
| Load characteristics | Mutation load needs to be combined with an observer |
| cost limit | Low-end MCUs give priority to second-order models |
5. Typical cases
The latest electric drive system released by a new energy vehicle company uses an improved second-order control model to achieve:
| response time | Reduced from 80ms to 55ms |
| Energy recovery efficiency | Increased to 92% |
| NVH performance | Noise reduction 3dB |
Conclusion:The second-order model is particularly suitable for motor application scenarios with moderate dynamic response requirements and cost-sensitive requirements. With the advancement of algorithm optimization technology, its application boundaries are expanding to high-speed and high-precision fields. Engineers need to reasonably select model complexity based on specific motor characteristics and control objectives.
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